🤖 Tech & Computer Science

Multimodal and multiscale feature fusion for weakly supervised video anomaly detection

The authors propose a novel weakly supervised video anomaly detection method that integrates multimodal and multiscale features to address challenges such as video blur and occlusion. Their approach includes an Attention De-redundancy module to filter out irrelevant information, a Multi-scale Feature Learning module for capturing temporal dependencies, and an Adaptive Feature Fusion module for effective feature combination. Experimental results demonstrate that this method outperforms existing approaches, achieving 97.00% AUC on ShanghaiTech and 85.31% AUC on UCF-Crime.

OSSA: Unsupervised One-Shot Style Adaptation

The authors introduce One-Shot Style Adaptation (OSSA), an unsupervised domain adaptation method for object detection that uses a single unlabeled target image to derive diverse styles. By applying these styles to a labeled source dataset through Adaptive Instance Normalization (AdaIN), OSSA outperforms existing one-shot adaptation methods and even some that use thousands of unlabeled images. Its efficiency and ease of integration make it suitable for applications with limited data availability.

⚛️ Physics and Chemistry

Fluctuations suppress condensation in 1D photon gas 

Researchers at the University of Bonn and University of Kaiserslautern-Landau found that an optical quantum gas transitions smoothly from 2D to 1D, rather than abruptly condensing. By modifying a 2D photon gas in an optical microcavity, they created a 1D structure and observed significant thermal fluctuations in 1D, which contrasts with negligible effects in 2D, supporting theoretical predictions about this exotic state of matter.

First-ever teleportation of logical qubit using fault-tolerant methods

Quantinuum researchers achieved the first teleportation of a logical qubit using fault-tolerant methods, as detailed in Science. By utilizing their H2 trapped-ion quantum processor, they employed two methods: a transversal approach for faster teleportation by manipulating multiple qubits simultaneously, and lattice surgery for improved compatibility by adjusting qubit boundaries. This advancement addresses the error-prone nature of quantum computers.

🧬 Biology & Medicine

Investigational Med for Tourette Syndrome Promising

Ecopipam, a dopamine-1 receptor antagonist, reduces tic severity in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome without worsening comorbid conditions like ADHD and depression. In a 12-week phase 2b trial, it lowered tic scores by 30% compared to placebo, with no adverse effects on nonmotor symptoms, according to investigator Donald Gilbert at the MDS 2024 Congress.

Scientists unveil a 3D photoacoustic scanner that speeds up vascular imaging for real-time clinical use

Researchers have developed a three-dimensional photoacoustic tomography (PAT) scanner for rapid vascular imaging, published in Nature Biomedical Engineering. PAT effectively visualizes microvasculature to sub-centimeter depths by generating ultrasound waves through tissue absorption from a pulsed laser, overcoming limitations of both optical and ultrasound imaging. However, challenges persist with conventional piezoelectric detectors, which lack sensitivity for small elements.

🔭 Space & Astronomy

Annular solar eclipse will turn the sun into a glorious 'ring of fire' today. Here's what you need to know.

On October 2, an annular solar eclipse will occur, visible from the Pacific Ocean, southern Chile, and Argentina. The best viewing time is from 3:03 to 3:09 p.m. EDT, especially from Easter Island, where the "ring of fire" will be visible for up to 6 minutes. About 175,000 people live in the path of annularity, while others will see a partial eclipse.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-8 Concludes Space Station Scientific Mission

NASA astronauts Michael Barratt, Matthew Dominick, and Jeanette Epps, along with Roscosmos cosmonaut Alexander Grebenkin, are returning to Earth after their SpaceX Crew-8 mission aboard the International Space Station. During their mission, they conducted scientific experiments, including the Genomic Enumeration of Antibiotic Resistance in Space, led by Epps, which aimed to identify antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and their adaptations to space. This research could help protect astronauts and improve safety in healthcare facilities on Earth.

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