🤖 Computer Science

Image-based facial emotion recognition using convolutional neural network on emognition dataset

Detecting emotions from facial images is challenging due to varying expressions. This study uses deep learning on the Emognition dataset with ten emotions. Data preprocessing and augmentation were performed. Two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models were proposed: transfer learning with Inception-V3 and MobileNet-V2, and a model built from scratch using the Taguchi method for hyperparameter optimization. The final model achieved 96% accuracy and a 0.95 F1-score.

A SMART Mnemonic Sounds like "Glue Tonic": Mixing LLMs with Student Feedback to Make Mnemonic Learning Stick

SMART, a mnemonic generator trained on student feedback, improves learning aids by combining student ratings with actual learning outcomes. Optimized through a flashcard app, it matches GPT-4's quality at lower costs, highlighting the value of diverse student feedback.

⚛️ Physics and Chemistry

Storing DNA in an amber-like polymer, Jurassic Park–style

Inspired by Jurassic Park, researchers developed glassy polymers that store DNA at room temperature, dissolving to release it when needed. This thermoset-reinforced xeropreservation (T-REX) method aims for low-cost DNA data storage, avoiding cryogenic preservation. Unlike previous methods, this new approach traps DNA in hours using a tough, chemical-resistant polystyrene-based polymer with thionolactone sections that can be cut to release the DNA.

‘Fantastic’ particle could be most energetic neutrino ever detected

An observatory in the Mediterranean Sea has potentially detected the most energetic neutrino ever. Revealed at the Neutrino 2024 conference, this discovery could be linked to massive cosmic events. Specific details will be published later to avoid tipping off competitors.

Stacking three layers of graphene with a twist speeds up electrochemical reactions

Tri-layer graphene may outperform bi-layer graphene in manufacturing, enhancing the speed and capacity of electrochemical and electrocatalytic devices. With similar high conductivity to "magic angle" bi-layer graphene, tri-layer graphene offers easier production and faster electron transfer. This discovery could significantly advance energy storage and conversion technologies.

🧬 Biology & Medicine

Radioactive drugs strike cancer with precision

Radioactive drugs, known as radiopharmaceuticals, are emerging as highly precise cancer treatments. These drugs work like "heat-seeking missiles," targeting cancer cells with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue. This innovation marks a significant advancement in oncology, offering targeted treatments with fewer side effects compared to traditional methods. Researchers are optimistic about their potential to improve cancer therapy outcomes​.

Gut microbiome discovery provides roadmap for life-saving cancer therapies

Researchers have discovered that the gut microbiome significantly impacts the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy, particularly drugs called checkpoint inhibitors. The ratio of specific bacterial communities in the gut can predict who will respond to these treatments. This breakthrough can aid in selecting healthy donors for fecal microbiome transplants to help patients who do not initially respond to the therapy.

Intermittent fasting outperforms traditional drugs in managing early type 2 diabetes

A randomized clinical trial has been conducted on Chinese adults with early type 2 diabetes to explore the effectiveness of an intermittent fasting meal replacement diet in controlling blood glucose levels. The study is published in JAMA Network Open.

🔭 Space & Astronomy

Space photo of the week: Hubble roars back to life with exquisite image of nearby galaxy

The Hubble Space Telescope recently resumed operations with a single functioning gyroscope after technical issues halted its science operations. This new pointing mode has produced its first image, showcasing the galaxy NGC 1546. Despite using data from other observatories to enhance details, the image demonstrates that Hubble can still capture high-quality images, albeit with limitations due to the reduced gyroscopes.

Perseverance Mars rover digs into intriguing 'Bright Angel' rock formation (photo)

NASA's Perseverance rover recently reached a striking rock outcrop on Mars dubbed "Bright Angel" after navigating sand dunes and a dried riverbed. It has begun its scientific exploration by analyzing the Martian soil with X-rays. Named for its unusually light color, Bright Angel sits at the edge of Neretva Vallis, a dried river channel near Perseverance's landing site in Jezero Crater, hinting at potential insights into Mars' ancient water history.

Thanks For Reading!

Please move this email to your Primary Inbox (if it is not already there) to make sure you don’t miss any of the exciting news and updates!
Reply directly to this email with any questions, comments or suggestions. 🚀