🤖 Computer Science

The NACOB multi-surface walking dataset

The study introduces a dataset of 134 participants walking on irregular surfaces with IMU sensors. A machine learning model using this data achieved 95.8% accuracy in predicting surfaces, offering valuable insights into real-world gait analysis.

Knowledge Distillation with Refined Logits

This paper introduces Refined Logit Distillation (RLD) to improve knowledge distillation by addressing issues in current logit distillation methods. RLD dynamically refines teacher logits using labeling information to eliminate incorrect predictions while preserving class correlations. Experiments on CIFAR-100 and ImageNet show that RLD outperforms existing methods.

⚛️ Physics and Chemistry

A first definitive demonstration of nonthermal particle acceleration in magnetorotational turbulence

Researchers confirmed that charged particles in turbulent flows around black holes can be accelerated to high energies, with significant implications for understanding black hole environments.

Wearable PET scanner allows brain scans of moving patients

Neuroscientists at West Virginia University developed a wearable, motion-compatible brain PET imager, enabling brain imaging in real-world settings. This device overcomes limitations of traditional imaging, allowing studies in people who cannot stay still and capturing brain activity in motion.

🧬 Biology & Medicine

An implantable sensor could reverse opioid overdoses

In 2023, over 100,000 Americans died from opioid overdoses. To address this, MIT and Brigham and Women’s Hospital developed a small implantable device that monitors vital signs and automatically administers naloxone when an overdose is detected, potentially saving lives by eliminating delays in treatment.

What is the hottest temperature humans can survive? These labs are redefining the limit

In 2019, physiologist Ollie Jay designed a $1.3-million chamber to simulate current and future heatwaves. Built in Brisbane, Australia, and transported to the University of Sydney, the chamber is now being used by researchers to study human survival limits in extreme heat, a poorly understood area.

Coffee may benefit patients with low muscle mass, says U.S. study

A recent study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that higher coffee and caffeine intake is positively linked to skeletal muscle mass among U.S. adults. However, this association does not apply to individuals with a BMI of 30 kg/m² or higher.

🔭 Space & Astronomy

SpaceX plans to launch 2 sharp-eyed Earth-imaging satellites to orbit today

SpaceX is set to launch two Earth-imaging satellites today (Aug. 15) for Maxar's WorldView Legion constellation. A Falcon 9 rocket will carry the WorldView Legion 3 and 4 satellites from Cape Canaveral, Florida, at 9:00 a.m. EDT (1300 GMT). The launch will be livestreamed on SpaceX's X account. This mission follows the launch of the first two satellites in May, with the constellation eventually comprising six satellites.

James Webb telescope detects signs of rust on priceless, metal-rich asteroid Psyche

Scientists using the James Webb Space Telescope have detected water as rust on the metal-rich asteroid Psyche. This finding could provide insights into the asteroid's formation. Psyche, located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, is unusually large and was previously believed to be entirely metallic. The discovery challenges this view and may reveal more about the origins of terrestrial planets.

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