🤖 Computer Science

Evaluation of data representation techniques for vibration based road surface condition classification

Accurate classification of road surface conditions is crucial for safety and maintenance. Using vehicle-mounted vibration sensors and combining multiple data representation techniques with deep neural networks, researchers achieved an average accuracy of 93.4% in classifying surfaces into normal, potholes, bad, and speedbumps. This approach demonstrates the effectiveness of advanced signal processing for multivariate time series classification.

Reducing Transformer Key-Value Cache Size with Cross-Layer Attention

Key-value (KV) caching accelerates decoding for transformer-based large language models but demands significant memory. Multi-Query Attention (MQA) and Grouped-Query Attention (GQA) reduce KV cache size by sharing key/value heads across query heads. Cross-Layer Attention (CLA) extends this by sharing key and value heads between adjacent layers, further reducing memory use with minimal accuracy loss.

⚛️ Physics and Chemistry

Neutrons open window to explore space glass

Advancements in space science, such as smart phones' navigation systems and cameras, stem from decades of research into materials that endure harsh environments. A global team, including Oak Ridge and Argonne national laboratories and NASA, discovered that various glasses, potentially for next-gen optical devices, share atomic structures and can be produced in space.

Scientists grow diamonds from scratch in 15 minutes thanks to groundbreaking new process

Scientists have developed a technique to synthesize diamonds at normal atmospheric pressure without needing a starter gem, potentially making lab-grown diamonds easier to produce.

New crystal production method could enhance quantum computers and electronics

In a study published in Nature Materials, scientists from the University of California, Irvine, have developed a new method to create very thin crystals of bismuth, which could help make the manufacturing of affordable flexible electronics a reality.

🧬 Biology & Medicine

Non-invasive zaps to the spinal cord can treat paralysis—but no one knows why

A clinical trial published in Nature Medicine reveals that electrical stimulation via electrodes on the back of the neck can help tetraplegia patients regain modest yet significant hand and arm function. This non-invasive, affordable method does not require surgery, offering a potentially "life-changing" option for those with paralysis, though its full potential is still uncertain due to incomplete understanding of its mechanisms.

What to Know About the Link Between Stomach Paralysis and Ozempic

New research links GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy to a higher risk of gastroparesis, a condition causing delayed stomach emptying and symptoms like nausea, bloating, and severe complications. Recent studies and lawsuits highlight this risk, emphasizing the need for awareness among users.

Electric ‘Ripples’ in the Resting Brain Tag Memories for Storage

By studying electrical patterns in the brain, Buzsáki aims to understand memory formation. His lab's recent research suggests that the brain tags memorable experiences with "sharp wave ripples," sudden, powerful high-frequency waves triggered by the simultaneous firing of thousands of neurons. These waves occur when the brain is at rest, such as during breaks or sleep.

Regular use of fish oil supplements linked to increased heart disease risk in healthy individuals

A large long-term study published in BMJ Medicine indicates that regular fish oil supplement use may elevate the risk of first-time heart disease and stroke in individuals with good cardiovascular health. However, it could slow the progression of existing poor cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of death.

🔭 Space & Astronomy

Space Force orders 'jetpack' to give 2 years of maneuverability to military satellite

The U.S. Space Force has commissioned a groundbreaking satellite docking mission to extend the propulsion and maneuverability capabilities of an on-orbit spacecraft by two years. Starfish Space, a Seattle-based company, secured a $37.5 million contract from the Space Systems Command to construct and deploy an "Otter" spacecraft for this purpose.

NASA’s Heliophysics Experiment to Study Sun on European Mission

NASA has chosen a new instrument called JEDI to explore the Sun's behavior and its creation of massive solar eruptions. JEDI, part of the ESA's Vigil space weather mission, will use extreme ultraviolet light to capture images of the Sun's middle corona layer, providing insights into solar activity and space weather phenomena.

🌐 Others

YouTubers Build "Dune"-Inspired Stillsuit That Can Recycle Sweat

Engineers at The Hacksmith's YouTube channel attempted to create a real-life version of the "stillsuit" from Frank Herbert's "Dune," a suit that conserves moisture in the body by recycling sweat and urine. Inspired by the fictional technology, they developed a prototype with a tube inserted into the wearer's nostrils to replenish water levels.

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